Home Blog Page 1295

Album Reviews: Deerhunter, Phoenix, and The Clash

0

By Max Hill

the_clash_london_calling_0

Throwback Review: The Clash – London Calling

The best punk rock album of all time is barely a punk rock album at all. As much Bob Marley and The Beatles as it is The Stooges and The Sex Pistols, London Calling manages to say something more subversively political and unabashedly honest about England in the seventies than any straight-forward punk rock outfit, before or afterwards.

Sprawling an astounding 19 tracks, London Calling’s musical diversity is still a revelation. The group co-opts everything from reggae and funk to rockabilly and jazz in order to deliver their snarling — but never sloppy — message. Mick Jones and Joe Strummer, surely punk rock’s McCartney and Lennon, balance their diametrically opposed musical tendencies beautifully, letting the album precariously balance on the verge of total hysteria.

On album highlights like “Lost in the Supermarket” and “Train in Vain”, Jones proves that his comparably delicate and measured vocal style can be just as subversive and insurgent as Strummer’s rebel yell. Even bassist Paul Simonon, the often overlooked beating heart of The Clash, gets his moment in the spotlight on “The Guns of Brixton”, one of the best anti-police anthems of all time. Bobbies beware.

That London Calling manages to come off as so well-balanced, so deliberate, is to underrate just how bravely rebellious its songs are. London Calling is a viciously veracious account of life in London’s merciless seventies underbelly; “Hateful”’s frank portrayal of drug deals and addiction rivals The Velvet Underground’s “I’m Waiting For the Man”; “Spanish Bombs” brilliantly uses the Spanish Civil War as a metaphor for the political unrest of the time.

The album’s best quality might be that it’s still fun to listen to, despite its weighty subject matter: The Clash manage to say something completely worth saying, something no one else was saying at the time, without lecturing or sermonizing. London Calling is as much a musical masterpiece as it is a masterpiece of social commentary; I dare you to try and find another punk rock album that can boast the same.

 

Monomania-cover

Deerhunter – Monomania 

Bradford Cox, Deerhunter’s cross-dressing, gaunt frontman, has described Monomania as an avant-garde rock and roll record, and listeners of the band should expect nothing less. The band — whose core is the writing partnership between Cox and lead guitarist Lockett Pundt, the latter’s talent for pop melodies grounding the former’s experimental bent — have built a rewarding musical career in subverting expectations and treading their own path. Monomania is no different in this respect. Shedding any leftover shoegaze tendencies the band had acquired since 2008’s Microcastle, the album feels like a return to the punk-rock inspired sound of Deerhunter’s earlier albums.

The majority of Monomania’s twelve tracks build on a fairly straightforward, tried-and-true guitar, bass and drums skeleton. The limitations of this setup seem to have inspired a completely new musical tone in the band: Cox’s airy tenor has never sounded so acidic and impassioned, and the band behind him has never sounded quite so insistent and loud. The songs seem to draw inspiration from artists like The Rolling Stones and Bo Diddley more than ever before. Monomania is the closest that Deerhunter are likely to get to a straightforward rock and roll record, as though Cox and company are doing their best impressions of the hip-gyrating, sweat-coated rhythm and blues bands of old.

This doesn’t always work as well as it’s intended to. As good as the songs here are — something we’ve come to expect from the band — they lack the diversity that other Deerhunter albums have hinged on. Instead of giving Monomania the singularity and focus the band surely intended, this sameness gives the album a tiring, repetitive quality which keeps it from ascending to the level of most of their previous work. Overall, though, Monomania comes off as an interesting and mostly successful new musical direction for the band, who’ve once again solidified their status as one of the most interesting acts playing today.

 

phoenix_bankrupt

Phoenix – Bankrupt!

I’ve tried to put my finger on why Bankrupt!, the latest release from Versailles foursome Phoenix, doesn’t speak to me the way their effortlessly brilliant Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix did. Maybe everyone is asking themselves the same question — with its impenetrably simplistic peach cover and emotionally vacant singles, the group’s much anticipated follow-up to Wolfgang seems like its carbon copy, infused with twice the Euro-trash synths and half the historical references of its predecessor. Bankrupt! even features a sprawling, mostly instrumental mood piece halfway through the album, reminiscent of Wolfgang’s “Love Like a Sunset.”

To be fair, Bankrupt! is a lot of fun to listen to — its synths are warm and tasteful; its choruses are plentiful and suitably catchy. The lead vocalist Thomas Mars’ smooth vocals soar in all the right places. Lead single “Entertainment” is a modern-day “Hong Kong Garden”, and “Drakkar Noir” joyously apes 70s funk. The album has its high points, and it’s light on the low ones: there’s a consistent string of likeable tracks from start to finish, and it rarely seems to drag or overstay its welcome.

Bankrupt! is a perfectly pleasant, well-made pop album, and it’s sure to soundtrack many a summer and inspire more than a few sunbathed make-out sessions. But it’s forgettable and shallow. Wolfgang, on the other hand, hit me right away: I still know every song by heart, whereas I had to listen to Bankrupt! a third time while I wrote this review just to remember what half the songs sound like. With so much incredible, breathtaking music in the world, listening to an album as unremarkable as Bankrupt! feels like time wasted.

The Dine and Dash Fund

2

WEB - receipt

We’ve all heard the term “dine and dash.” It’s when a customer goes to a bar or restaurant, runs up a tab with a server, and then takes off without paying. It’s theft, but people steal all the time. But the difference between shoplifting and dine and dashing is that it’s the server, not the business, who pays the bill at the end of the night.

As a result, many bars have created what’s called a “dine and dash fund.” Every time a server works, it’s mandatory that they contribute anywhere from $0.25 to $1 to the business. This money sits in a pot held by the manager of the establishment so that in the event of a walkout or “dine and dash” the money they have slowly accumulated pays for the bill.

It may seem like a good idea: pubs and bars in the Tri-Cities are struggling enough as it is without adding theft into the mix, and it’s only a dollar from an employee. However, the problem with this fund is that it completely contravenes the Employment Standards Act. Sections 1F and 21 explicitly state that neither employee wages nor gratuities (tips) may be deducted or used in any way by an employer for the “cost of doing business.”

While a server or bartender has a responsibility to try to stop people from stealing from the business they work for, holding the employee responsible for the money against possibly dangerous assailants makes it seem as though a $40 bill is more important than an employee’s life.

I’ve been working in the service industry for the past two years. In that time, I have been robbed at gunpoint and had a customer pull a knife on me when I wouldn’t start a tab for him. I have also been forced to pay into dine and dash funds and for walkouts. And though I’ve never actually been harmed by a customer, it is not unrealistic to assume someone may be armed and dangerous. There is no way of knowing what someone will do — especially if they’re drunk.

CMYK-Dine n Dash-Vaikunthe Banerjee

Oftentimes, there’s nothing more someone could have done to prevent a customer from walking out on his or her bill. A server at the Meridian Arms Pub in Port Coquitlam, who asked not be named, once had to pay out over $300 for a customer’s bill. “I had taken over the table from another server who was finished their shift, and then the pub lost power,” she said. “I couldn’t remember everything that had been on the bill so I manually wrote up as much as I could but there was $300 unaccounted for when we got power back.”

That money was taken out of her next paycheque. When asked if she thought it was wrong for the business to take that money from her, although it was not her fault, she said: “Yeah, it sucks that I lost that money, but I’ve made a lot more in the time I’ve been there than what I’ve had to pay in walkouts.” She also told me that while the Meridian Arms does not have a dine and dash fund, every server has to pay for a walkout when they occur.

One of the only ways to ensure payment is to ask for a credit card, but this is often not expected of employees in a pub and not consistently done. “I would ask for credit cards for tabs at the (Meridian) Arms but no one else does and customers would look at me funny or get mad if I did,” she said.

Danielle Piasecki, a former floor manager at Port Coquitlam’s San Remo Pizza Home, agrees that servers should pay for walkouts. “Most servers don’t end up paying income tax on every single dollar they make and there aren’t a lot of jobs like that out there.”

Piasecki says she believes no one speaks up against the violation because it’s part of “a deal” between employers and employees in the serving industry. “There are a lot of things that happen in this industry that shouldn’t and not just dine and dash funds,” said Piasecki. “There are a lot of indiscretions—like servers drinking on shift with customers — that employers ignore and there’s a lot of good money to be made really fast.”

The way in which bars choose to enforce dine and dash policies varies greatly from place to place, but of the six I investigated, they all had some policy that resulted in the server paying for a dine and dash.

A nighttime shift supervisor at the Treehouse Neighbourhood Pub, Erica*, who has also worked for The Foggy Dew and The French Quarter Pub (which closed down last year) said she has never paid into a dine and dash fund or for a walkout. “It’s illegal for them to make me pay and so I don’t,” she said. “I’ve also only ever had one walkout in the time I’ve been serving and it wasn’t my fault.”

Erica also said The Foggy Dew had a slightly different approach. “The management there makes it clear during the orientation that any drinks you take from the bar to a table become your own drinks once they leave the bar.”

This means that if someone doesn’t pay the server for that drink, the onus is on the server to pay. She also said she watched The French Quarter “sneak” their way into having a dine and dash fund. “Originally there was a slot on our cash out sheets that said “social fund” and we were supposed to put in $0.50 each time we worked for a big staff party.”

But after a year of working there, Erica said the little “social fund” slot changed to “D+D.” Erica confronted the owner of the bar, as well as the manager, about the change and was told it was now a mandatory dine and dash fund. When she argued about the legality of the decision to create the fund, she was told that if she didn’t pay it then any walkouts that occurred would be taken out of her paycheque.
I also worked at The French Quarter and during a shift change (where the night staff relieves the day staff) I was dealing with a customer who wanted to pay their bill and turned around to find one of my other customers missing. I looked everywhere for the gentlemen who still owed me $45 but he was gone. He made it past two other servers who were talking by the door and my manager, who was also standing by the door, but I was still blamed. The next paycheque I received was short $45. When I asked the owner and the manager what had happened, the owner told me: “Well, you had that walkout a week ago so I just took it out of your pay.”

Dorothy, a representative with the Employment Standards Branch, said there are no loopholes to the regulations. “It’s explicitly stated in Section 1F and Section 21 that an employer cannot take money from an employee for a dine and dash fund or for walkouts.”

Holding employees responsible for the money against possibly dangerous assailants makes it seem as though a $40 bill is more important than an employee’s life.

When asked why every bar was violating the Act, Dorothy said; “If people don’t report it, then we can’t fix it.” If there is an incident or wrongful garnishing of wages or gratuities, Dorothy said they (Employment Standards) would send an officer to recover the wages for the individual.
Of the servers I spoke to, only Erica knew someone who had taken action against an employer. “There was one girl I worked with who got the labour board involved when her wages were garnished at The French Quarter, and she did get the money back. She also lost her job in the process.” Erica didn’t remember the official reason the server was let go on, but said she believed the girl would have kept her job longer if she hadn’t fought against it.

No one, however, was able to answer why — since it’s against regulations — employees are still paying for walkouts. Not one of the servers, managers, or even the Employment Standards Branch had a reason.

Interestingly, there is a lot of fear from employees on the issue. Only one server I interviewed agreed to have her name printed, despite the number of people who were willing to speak with me about their bar’s policies. It would seem as though, with servers being at the mercy of an industry of management that believes it is up to the server or bartender to collect money for the booze they bring to people, no one wants to get caught pointing a finger for fear of losing their place within the industry.

It’s unclear whether or not policies will ever change, but for now, servers will continue to pay when customers don’t.

*Indicates name has been changed

By Avalon Doyle
Photos by Vaikunthe Banerjee

Christy Clark admits entire career in politics was just a dare

0

BC Premier expresses regret over spending adult life fulfilling a 12-year-old’s challenge.

By Brad McLeod

BURNABY—BC Liberal Party leader, Christy Clark, made a startling admission this past weekend during a campaign stop by revealing that her over 20-year political career has just been the result of a dare placed on her by a child.

The news comes less than a week after it was revealed in a Vancouver Sun profile piece that Clark had been coaxed into running a red light by her 12-year-old son, Hamish, a known scoundrel.

“I know I shouldn’t have done it, it was a horrible, horrible mistake” Clark said of her career as a politician, “I don’t know what I was thinking, I don’t even have the slightest interest in government… but I couldn’t let that goddamn kid get the better of me.”

Clark explained that up until her twenties, her life goal was to simply to go out, travel the world and pretend to go to universities, but she was suddenly launched into a life of politics after being confronted by a 12-year-old boy.

“I remember I was just minding my own business, hanging out as usual at the Diner Cafe chatting with my perfectly diverse group of friends of all ages, races and target demographics, when this kid came up and double-dog dared me to become premier of BC,” explained Clark “Well at first I just ignored him, but after he said it a second time I had no choice but to dedicate my life to provincial politics.”

Although Clark had little interest in actually being premier, she slowly worked up the political ladder beginning by briefly winning a scandalous SFSS election at Simon Fraser University before eventually becoming a scandalous member of Gordon Campbell’s Liberal government and then replacing him as premier after his many scandals, all just to stick it to some kid.

According to those in Clark’s inner circle though, the incumbent premier is now at a loss at what to do next having now proven that kid wrong, and the only way her party has been able to have her continue on in this election is by taunting her with a series of escalating dares.

“We started out with small stuff, like getting her to wear silly glasses during press conferences and having her work in the words ‘growing our economy’ into every single question she answers,” explained a member of Clark’s cabinet who preferred to remain anonymous “But for the last week of the campaign we have some really outrageous dares planned, I can’t really talk about them but believe me she’s going to being saying some really crazy shit, it’ll be even more ridiculous than the time we dared her to convince people that Family Day was a real thing!”

Although Clark’s revelation has sparked many to believe that her main opponent in the election, Adrian Dix, is also just fulfilling a dare, according to inside sources he is absolutely genuine in his political career, or at least that’s how he was programmed to be.

In her closing remarks to reporters Clark once again revealed that she wasn’t a perfect parent, or a perfect person but that she was trying really hard, she was then interrupted by an audience member who dared her to jump over 14 garbage cans on her motorcycle. The stunt is expected to take place this Saturday outside of the Victoria parliament building.

Word on the street: Summer School

0

By Brad McLeod

Q: How’d you end up in Summer School this year?

“I failed math AGAIN because Mr. Peretti totally hates me, which is soooo unfair since I showed up to class more than half the time and wasn’t even that stoned …”
Bill Murphy (High School Student/ Future Kwantlen Undergrad, amirite?)

“Well, I’m not actually. Since I’m originally from Australia this is really just winter school for me.”
Alannah Howarth (Confused Foreign-Exchange Student)

“Summer school? Oh shit, I thought this was Ski School 7!”
Corey Steele (B-list Movie Star)

There were just too many great courses available this summer, how could I possibly take a whole semester off!
Tom Parker (NERRRRRRDDDDDD!!!!!!)

I’m here directing a movie that’s being filmed right here on campus… you should check it out when it comes out on DVD next week!
Francis B. Barnes (Director of Ski School 7: Ski Police Academy)

Meet the New Humour Editor

0

By Brad McLeod

After the sudden and tragic graduation of beloved former humour editor Gary Lim, The Peak has brought in a new, younger, hipper and ‘less Asian’ editor to take his place. Although his name might not mean a lot to you, he actually has quite an extensive history in comedy.

Meet Brad McLeod

– He has over 20 years’ experience in being alive

– He read the list of Variety’s 10 Comics to Watch in 2007

– He’s written articles that were similar to what a contributor for Mad Magazine from 2008 to 2010 would’ve written

– He thinks it would’ve been cool if he could’ve been Editor in Chief of the Harvard Lampoon in 2011

– He knows trivia such as who won the Mark Twain Prize for American Humour in 2012

– If he had been born 7 year later, lived in New York and was related to Milton Berle there’s a chance he could have become the youngest member of the New York Friars’ Club at 13 years old

– He’s often tried to convince strangers he meets at bars that he is a personal friend of comedian Chris Rock, to varying degrees of success.

McLeod hopes he can transition this experience into a successful run as Humour Editor at The Peak and invites any and all positive feedback as well as constructive death threats.

SFU-UBC “on-again, off-again” rivalry to take summer off and hate other schools

0

WEB-SFU UBC Rivalry-Vaikunthe Banerjee

Long-time rivals hope some time apart can rekindle their once passionate pointless competitiveness

By Brad McLeod

Photo by Vaikunthe Banerjee

VANCOUVER— According to a joint statement from the two schools early last week, Simon Fraser University and longtime on-and-off rival, the University of British Columbia, are officially taking “a break” from their hatred of one another this summer in order to pursue other rivals.

The decision is apparently a mutual agreement according to sources close to the schools, amid rumours that the universities desire to compete with each other has been lackluster in recent years and that UBC has been in a not-so secret secondary rivalry with UVic for some time now.

“It’s really a private matter between the combined 80,000 students of the two schools” explained UVic undergraduate Todd Barker, “but to me it seems like UBC really hasn’t been holding up their end of rivalry recently and has been way too respectful of students choosing to study at SFU without making snide comments about how they just couldn’t get into UBC… that’s probably because UBC is full of pussies and UVIC FOOTBALL RULES!!!”

Neither UBC nor SFU have had anything negative to say about each other since the announcement, but both schools are optimistic that they’ll be able to think of something by nextfall.

“I just really respect UBC as a great learning institution right now” admitted one SFU student about their former enemy, “I mean, it seems like they’ve got a really nice campus, they’re one of the top ranked schools in the world, and plus my brother goes there now… I’d love to hate them but I can’t really think of any real reasons to other than their close proximity to us.”

UBC students have been equally silent and polite about their feelings towards SFUers and in a visit to the UBC campus last week The Peak actually overheard a student legitimately remark “well I’ve heard SFU’s got a good communications program” without even a trace of sarcasm.

“You know since we moved to the NCAA and don’t really have many sports competitions anymore it’s been really had to keep up a healthy rivalry” commented John Scott, a senior at SFU “Of course, the rivalry has always been a little rocky but now that the sports are gone we can’t even fake any animosity.”

While UBC has already been linked to hating UVic, Capilano and Langara over the summer, SFU has not been as active in picking up rivals.

“Well, I’ve been trying to spark a little rivalry between us and the University of Toronto because there’s a guy who goes there that went to my high school and he’s a bit of a dick,” explained first year SFU Kinesiology student, Alan Parker, “but you know how it is with these long-distance rivalries, they never work out.”

Although all indications have been that the pair of schools will be willing to give the rivalry another go once the summer semester is over and they’re done exploring, some students however, like UBC’s James Durant, believe that it might be over for good.

“The rivalry doesn’t really work anymore, we’re just too different” Durant told The Peak upon hearing the news, “All of our competitiveness just seems kind of silly now, you know, it’s like…wait did you just call it the SFU-UBC rivalry?”

Exclusive Upcoming Events

0

Check out these future events that are so exclusive, so underground, so secret, and so probably non-existent that only Peak Humour is willing to let you in on them.

By Brad McLeod

FILM SCREENING (SUR 2980 May 17th 7:30pm)

Surrey Campus will be holding a special double feature with an advanced playing of Adam Sandler and co.’s “Grown Ups 2” followed by never-before seen government footage of the JFK assassination. Questions will be answered. Like, what happened to our favorite gang of old friends since we last saw them? And, is that Nick Swardson? But first, sit through another adventure from the ‘Grown Ups’ crew!

BOOK READING (AQ 3181, June 10th, 10:30am-11:20pm)

Acclaimed professor Tom Brown will be reading selections from the great Neil Postman’s 1999 book Building a Bridge to the 18th Century: How the Past Can Improve Our Future! During the reading Brown will provide insights and will be taking all your questions at the end. This is definitely not to be missed, or at least that’s what the Syllab… I mean, that’s what the buzz around campus is… Okay, this is just my communications class, but I’m sure you could hang out if you wanted to.

BULL RUNNING (Academic Quadrangle, July 19th, 12:20pm)

The little known, SFU Young Matador’s club, is planning to hold the school’s first ever ‘Running of the bulls’ just after noon on July 19th in the AQ. The group is welcoming all students and faculty to come out and view the event and also invites anyone with a class at that time to run for their fucking life.

Horoscopes: May 6th, 2013

0

By Gary Lim

Aries (March 21 – April 20)
Mercury is in your sign this week. Also your drinking water.
Taurus (April 21 – May 21)
It’s not a good idea to make any big purchases this week. So if you were thinking of buying an aircraft carrier or island nation put it off a week, okay?
Gemini (May 22 – June 21)
You understand that to move ahead in the world you need to “play the game”, but not once did you think that game would be strip backgammon.
Cancer (June 22 – July 22)
Irony strikes this week when you’re crushed to death by a safe.
Leo (July 23 – August 22)
Lightning never strikes twice but a downed power cable is surprisingly accurate.
Virgo (August 23 – Sept. 23)
You develop a new fetish this week, after autocorrect won’t stop changing the fucks in your sexts into ducks.
Libra (Sept. 24 – Oct. 23)
You’ve done all you can, now your ball is in their court as to whether the jury convicts you for public indecency.
Scorpio (Oct. 24 – Nov. 22)
A cruel twist of fate this week causes you to lose your phone. Meanwhile, a cruel twist of lime helps improve the flavor of your salsa.
Sagittarius (Nov. 23 – Dec. 21)
The stars indicate that there’s no need to worry about your check engine light. Its working fine, your engine however is about to burst into flame.
Capricorn (Dec. 22 – Jan. 20)
QUICK! DUCK! Did it work? I guess you aren’t reading this horoscope at the right time then. Try again later.
Aquarius (Jan. 21 – Feb. 19)
The cosmic forces that dictate the Universe are giving Aquarius the week off. Try not to die.
Pisces (Feb. 20 – March 20)
You know what they say, you can lead a horse to water but after seven drowned horses you may want to consult a professional horse waterer.

A Practical Guide to Icebreaker Games

0

By Brad McLeod

Well, it’s the start of new semester and that can only mean several things! One of those things is playing a hell of a lot of Icebreaker Games, your first opportunity of the semester to introduce yourself to the people who over the next 13 weeks might just become some of your closest acquaintances!

These games can be tough though, so it’s important for you to know how to conduct yourself properly. Remember: the impression you make here is how your peers will think of you for the entire remainder of the first class! (After that they’ll go back to judging you based on your looks like the rest of the world)

Anyways, here’s a basic guide to some of the most important things to remember in order to make your icebreaker introduction memorable this week.

1. Attend Class

This is definitely the most difficult step but if you want to do a good job in your icebreaker games, you’re probably going to have to actually show up to the first week of class. I know it’s pointless and they’ll just go over everything again next week, but as famous nervous person Woody Allen once said “showing up is 80 per cent of success.”*

*This statement should not be confused with “showing up will get you 80 per cent, success!” which I learned the hard way on my English 203 final exam last semester.

2. Pretend to be Interesting

No matter what icebreaker game you’re doing, you will almost always be asked to say something interesting about yourself. This can be very challenging since you are probably a very boring person, but just remember that the phrase “I’d like to say more but I promised Barack that I wouldn’t” can make any boring old male strip-club story more interesting.

3. Always One Up the Person Beside You

While being yourself is important in an ice breaker game, if you really want to be remembered, you are going to have to be better than everyone else. So, if the class is going around the room each saying what one thing they would bring with them to a desert island and the person next to you says “well I’d probably bring my iPod because I love music,” you have to take it up a notch and say “well I’d probably bring my iPhone because I love music too, but I’m richer than you… plus I could use it to call The Rolling Stones who are friends of mine.”

4. Lie as Often as Possible

This should be pretty obvious, but if you don’t already constantly lie in your everyday life, you should at least do it during an icebreaker game. “Two truths and a lie” is always much more difficult than “Two lies and a third more ridiculous lie.”

5. Pretend to Not be a Horrible Racist

This one might not be quite as obvious as some of the others, but unlike most social situations, racism is actually frowned upon during ice breaker games. I know it can be very tempting if you have to introduce a fellow student to the class, to comment on their inferior bone structure but you should probably be advised to stick to just describing their hobbies, goals and body odor.

 

5 Free Interesting Facts about Yourself

– I was the inspiration for Roseanne Barr’s character on the ABC sitcom Roseanne

– I can solve a Rubik’s Cube in under five hours

– I was the one who came up with the idea for peanut butter

– I can name every US state capital except Olympia

– I have the same birthday as Abraham Lincoln: February 12th, 1809

SFU professor awarded $150,000 for sea otter research

0


Otter Research-Mike Baird-Flickr

Dr. Anne Salomon to explore the decline of coastal shellfish and rebound in kelp forests

By Kristina Charania
Photos by Mike Baird

Along some shorelines and oceans bordering the Alaskan and British Columbian coasts, shellfish numbers are quickly dwindling as sea otters, once listed as endangered, continue to recover and consume them. Though these sea otters are a natural part of temperate coastal ecosystems, their population recovery and growth leaves few shellfish behind for the First Nations people that rely on these invertebrates as a source of food and livelihood.

Marine ecologist Dr. Anne Salomon has recently been awarded a $150,000 Pew Fellowship for a collaborative investigation on the issue. Salomon has been involved in marine conservation issues for over 12 years and continues to teach courses in applied ecology at Simon Fraser University, direct the university’s Coastal Marine Ecology and Conservation Lab, and function as a primary investigator with SFU’s  Hakai Network for Coastal People, Ecosystems and Management.

“I was shaking in my boots when I was nominated for this award because I didn’t think there was any way I’d receive it. In my field, it’s a huge honour to receive a Pew Fellowship, and as a young graduate student, it’s something that I hoped I would earn one day,” said Salomon. “I feel very humbled about this whole experience.”

Each year, the Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation selects five outstanding scientists from around the world who are tackling the challenges confronting the world’s oceans through interdisciplinary research projects. With her Pew Fellowship, Salomon will examine sea otter recovery and bring academics, First Nations Elders, and resource managers together to analyze the past and present plights of local marine ecosystems, blend western science and traditional knowledge, and create viable solutions for aquatic environments in the future

“I think the reason I was selected for this award is because of the strong and productive partnerships I’ve had with coastal First Nations people in Alaska,” said Salomon.

“Our team is dedicated to really listening and working with coastal communities to provide solutions for issues that they feel are important to their coastal ecosystems, their societies, and to their people.”

The struggles created by shellfish declines are multi-faceted and long-standing in Alaskan and British Columbian First Nations history. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, sea otters were hunted to near extinction and became locally eliminated from coastal oceans. In the absence of this primary reef predator, shellfish became abundant in coastal communities and fed on kelp beds in these ecosystems. The recovery of sea otter populations in the 1950’s in south central Alaska turned formerly lone otters into rafts of over thirty individuals, and kelp beds grew freely at the expense of fewer shellfish due to sea otter consumption.

“Sea otters are a keystone species, which means that one individual sea otter has a disproportionate effect on an ecosystem,” explained Salomon. “Only a few of them are needed to trigger a large impact, and when you start to see shellfish declines like that in your coastal refrigerator, you become very worried.”

Through work with two Sugpiaq native tribes, Salomon and her partners documented the serial decline of shellfish fisheries as sea otter populations recovered and fishing by humans intensified and became more concentrated.

Having observed this pattern in Alaska, Salomon knew the same pattern had been reported by scientists working on the west coast of Vancouver Island. Sea otter recovery, shellfish decline, and kelp forest expansion had also been observed by the Heiltsuk on BC’s central coast where sea otters began recovering in the late 1980s and the Nuu-chah-nulth on the west coast of Vancouver Island, where sea otters were intentionally reintroduced in the early 1970s.

“If you don’t know anything about the past, you would have no idea that Vancouver once had an old growth forest and that there were massive cedars here,” said Salomon. “But, if you know something about the past, you can assess the magnitude of change from today and identify baselines that give you targets to shoot for when it comes to recovery.

“By collaborating with the Haida who have not yet experienced any sea otter recovery, different first nations knowledge holders like the Heiltsuk, Nuu-chah-nulth, and Sugpiaq who are experiencing different stages of sea otter recovery, and marine ecologists and archaeologists who’ve studied sea otter effects over time, we essentially have a crystal ball into the past and the future,” Salomon continued.

Haida matriarch Barb Wilson and Sugpiaq seal hunter Nicolas Tanape Sr. will act as Salomon’s cultural guides, ensuring that her group follows each First Nations’ community protocols as they begin their research synthesis.

Wilson described that her ancestors explained that sea otters were not only kept at low numbers close to native villages, but special focus was placed on hunting males, who segregate themselves from females into their own raft of otters. Because sea otters feast on shellfish, First Nations groups had several forms of traditional management to control the effects of this predator.

“The reason I found this so interesting is because there is strong evidence that male sea otters are responsible for expanding their territory or ranges. If you can control the male rafts, you can partially control where in space sea otters hang out,” says Salomon. “This is just one little gem that Barb Wilson shared with me that I think are the kinds of gems that will arise when we bring everyone together.”

Two marine spatial planning processes, including one joint provincial and First Nations process, are currently in progress in BC. Salomon hopes her findings will further First Nations contributions to scientific research and allow these groups to voice their concerns on choices affecting their native homes. “Canadian First Nations have a constitutional right to be involved in cooperative decision making,” said Salomon.

Local First Nations artists will also attend Salomon’s meetings with policy makers and other workshops with First Nations’ people to document the process and outcomes of each event through art.

“Scientists are typically poor communicators to the public, so another goal here is to communicate this collaborative science to everybody, including the public and policy makers,” said Salomon. “People learn and listen with their eyes, nose, and ears, so I think this is a way to capture the attention and interest of people far beyond our scientific meta-analyses that are dry and hard to communicate to the public.”

“When sea otters come back, it catalyses controversy and ignites people’s emotions because people are invested in these issues,” Salomon concluded.

“This project truly is about bringing people and scientists together to inform marine policies to balance the needs of people and nature.”